Self Defense Laws in New York The essential principle of self-defense in New York is that it must be a reasonable use of physical force or deadly physical force in that it is both necessary and proportional to the situation at hand. Under Penal Law § 35.00, subdivision 6, the New York Legislature defined physical force:[T]he degree of force which […]

What is a Coop Recognition Agreement? A Coop Recognition Agreement is a written contract that enables a union to become recognized as the bargaining agent for employees at a specific company or establishment. It’s essentially a shortcut that allows the union to bypass the long process of having to go through an election process before the National Labor Relations Board […]

What Is a Vending Machine Agreement? Generally speaking a vending machine agreement is the contract between the company that places and services the vending machine and the business owner that contracts to host the vending machine in their place of business.The vending machine agreement is an important document for all involved. For the vending company it is important because it […]

California Adverse Possession Defined The legal concept of adverse possession is both simple and complex. It is simple because its essence—the right to take title or ownership to property through continued and uninterrupted occupation by an individual—can be understood and expressed in a few short sentences. On the other hand, it is complex because the statutory and case authority addressing […]

What Are the Rights of Tenants Tenants have rights under both local and federal laws, and these rights can vary widely from state to state and municipality to municipality. Generally speaking, laws regulating the relationship between landlords and tenants tend to be more restrictive on landlords. Even so, there are some regulations that restrict the rights of tenants.With only a […]

What Is a Tax Attorney? At its most basic, the role of a tax attorney begins and ends with a specific focus on the legal ramifications of the detriment or benefit imposed by taxation. The fact that this is an entire field of study and pursuit, however, speaks to the depth and breadth of how these professionals help their clients […]

Summary of HOA Legislative Updates The history of homeowner association (HOA) regulation in Washington State serves as a prologue to the current chapter.In 1971, the Washington legislature adopted the Horizontal Property Regimes Act, which was meant to establish a statutory framework for condominiums. The problem, however, was that the HPR Act was geared toward older building-type condos with shared hallways […]